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In order to effectively craft an essay, what should a writer consider before beginning to write?

  1. Arguments of the opposition

  2. Ways to persuade the audience

  3. Word choice and tone

  4. Topic of the essay and purpose

The correct answer is: Topic of the essay and purpose

Before beginning to write an essay, a writer should first consider the topic of the essay and its purpose. This is important because it will determine the focus and direction of the writing. The topic of the essay will also dictate the appropriate tone, style, and language to use. A and B may be important considerations in the essay writing process, but they should not be the first factors to think about. The arguments of the opposition and ways to persuade the audience can be incorporated later in the writing process after the initial topic and purpose have been established. C may also be a crucial element in crafting an effective essay, but it is not the only concern that a writer should have. Word choice and tone can be refined and adjusted during the editing stage. Therefore, D is the most important factor to consider before beginning to write an essay.